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（11）柏拉图：《理想国》（第2卷），见《柏拉图全集》，王晓朝译本。译者将篇名更定为《国家篇》。北京：人民出版社2003年版，第二卷，第620页。
（12）见第620－621页，版本同上注。
（13）罗念生译《诗学》，北京：人民文学出版社1962年版，第88页。
（14）罗念生译《诗学》，第82页。
（15）上述多种说法的出处均见Andrew Lang：Homer and the Epic. Langmans. Green. Co. pp13－16．London 1893．
（16）1795年，德国学者Wolf将自己多年关于荷马的研究写成《绪论》（Prolegomena）。
（17）Andrew Lang教授综合伍尔夫的结论。原文是：The Homeric poems were originally mere lays composed and handled down without the use of writing. Later they were committed to writing, and in the process were combined by the editors into continuous whole, and were also polished and emended in accordance with the taste of a more advanced age than that which gave them birth. Next they suffered many things and many editors, Alexandrian, and Imperial, and, finally, ran the gauntlet of Byzantine scholarship and of Byzantine ignorance.见 Andrew Lang: Homer and the Epic. Langmans. Green. Co. pp23. London 1893．
（18）这是Andrew Lang归纳的结论。原文是：Homeric poems, however much of them may have been composed by a single ancient minstrel, were but scttered cantos, living in the mouths of men, till Pisistratus began the work of committing them to manuscript. They were diversely handled. Till the age of the Alexandrians, when the undeniable harmony which they exhibit was imposed on them by the learning and taste of Aristophans and Aristarchus. 见Andrew Lang: Homer and the Epic. Langmans. Green. Co. pp43. London 1893．
（19）Homeric epic, in spite of certain flaw, and breaks, and probable insertion of alien matter, ate mainly the work of one, or, at the most, of two, great poets. Their place in literature has already been defined, they contain the voice of a whole world, they are full of the prime vigour of the Greek genius, and may be assepted as the sum, in the early and vigorous form, of all that the Greek genius was able to accomplish.见Andrew Lang: Homer and the Epic. Langmans. Green. Co. pp 10. London 1893．
（20）约翰·弗里：《口头诗学：帕里—洛德理论》，朝戈金译，北京：社会科学文献出版社2000年版，第21－38页。
（21）参见朝戈金《口传史诗的田野作业问题》。载www.poetics.spaces.live.com/
（22）Wade-Gery term Parry ＂the Darwin of Homeric studies＂ and explains: ＂As Darwin seemed to many to have removed the finger of God from the creation of the world and of man, so Milman Parry has seemed to same to removed the creative poet from the Iliad and Odyssey.＂ See A. B. Lord: Epic Singer and Oral Tradition. Pp2-3. Cornell University Press， 1991．
（23）陈寅恪：《王静安先生遗书序》，见《金明馆丛稿二编》，上海：上海古籍出版社1980年版，第219页。
（24）以荷马为不同时期的多个人，荷马史诗由多个不同时期形成的诗篇片段连缀而成，史称“分辨派”，又叫“小歌派”；以荷马为单一天才作者的，荷马史诗出于一人之手，史称“统一派”。见《欧洲文学史》第一卷，李赋宁主编，北京：商务印书馆1999年版，第11页。又见朝戈金：《译者导言》，载《口头诗学：帕里－洛德理论》，北京：社会科学文献出版社2000年版，第14页。
（25）洛德：《故事的歌手》，尹虎彬译，北京：中华书局2004年版，第204页。
（原文刊于《文化遗产》2008－4）
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【本文责编：王娜】
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