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摘要：进入21世纪以来，随着非物质文化遗产保护工作的持续推进，以社区为基础，以过程为方法，都需要转变观念和认识，回到格萨尔史诗传统得以存续的生活实践中去，以突破“以文本为中心”和“以艺人为中心”的传统保护模式。通过近期田野定点调查，来自青海玉树的三个案例——江西仲措的村落实践、江西霍仓的家族传承以及本地贤能益西堪布的跨社区协理——为分析由社区自发驱动的非遗保护实践提供了基层民间的行动模式，映射了从社区视角理解相关社区、群体和个人的路径选择、在地实践及其朝向可持续发展的内生动力，而对史诗传统本身的保护也辐射至与史诗传统互为关联的其他非遗项目，由此彰显了“以社区为中心”的多元行动方及其功能互补合作的协同增效途径。
关键词：格萨尔史诗传统；非物质文化遗产；过程性保护；社区参与；文化协理人
作者简介：央吉卓玛，中国社会科学院民族文学研究所助理研究员（北京 100732）
Abstract: Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the continuous advancement of the safeguarding of the ICH, it is necessary to change the conception and understanding of community-based approaches and process-based methodologies, returning to the living practice of Gesar epic tradition, thereby breaking through the two traditional conservation modes of “the text-centered” and “the artist-centered.” Through a recent field survey, three case studies with the participatory observations from Yul Hrul Prefecture, Qinghai Province, namely, village-based gyam shis grong tsho practice, clan-based gyam shis hor tshang transmission and the local able coordinator yid shes cross-communities provide a threefold model of grass-roots actions for analyzing community-driven practices for safeguarding ICH, reflecting the understanding of the path choice, local practice and endogenous drive towards sustainable development amongst communities, groups and individuals concerned from the perspective of communities, and the safeguarding of the Gesar epic tradition also radiates to other ICH elements that are interconnected with the epic tradition itself, thus highlighting the synergistic approach of “community-centered” multiple actors and their complementary functional cooperation.
Key words: Gesar epic tradition; ICH element[s]; safeguarding-in-process; communities participation; cultural coordinator
About the Author: Gyang skyid sgrol ma, Assistant Research Fellow at Institute of Ethnic Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Beijing 100732)
文章来源：中国民俗学网
【本文责编：CFNEditor】
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