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礼与俗的演绎
The Development and Relationship of Li and Su
【作者】武宇嫦 【导师】刘铁梁
【作者基本信息】北京师范大学，民俗学，2007年，博士


【摘要 (中文/英文)】 本文通过细读《礼记》及其相关文本,整体考察《礼记》中的礼——现实体现为礼与俗的关系,具体通过对《礼记》的编者、成书年代与作者内容的考定等相关问题的讨论;结合《礼记》中礼与俗的论述及概念阐释,对古今礼与俗相关的基本概念关系进行梳理界定;从《礼记》中对礼的形成原因的论述引入相应的历史文化情境的变迁和民俗表现,考察礼生成的历史条件与文化积累;其中王权对礼的形成起着至关重要的作用;但又因为王权性质与社会文化整体发展水平的不同,礼与俗的关系在不同历史时期的性质、表现与格局也相应不同;这是由社会政治与历史文化的双重因素的变迁决定的。春秋战国时期的社会政治文化剧变,儒家对礼进行新的阐释与改造,这都使礼的性质与实践发生了根本改变,从而也使礼与俗的关系呈现出新的特点。 本文通过对《礼记》所涉及到的礼与俗的相关历史事实的考察,展现梳理礼与俗的渊源和互动;运用先秦儒家思想哲理对《礼记》中的礼进行整体把握;并在此双重基点上对它们的关系进行分析与描述;对二者的本质及其逻辑与历史的关系给以初步说明,以期发现对现代民俗学学科建设与研究的意义,寻找传统礼文化智慧对当下现实人生的启发。  

The Book of Rites (Liji in Chinese) is one of most important Confucianism classic. The book is mainly about the rites and its related aspects, including rituals, rite governing, rituals systems and rites thoughts, all of which are Li in Chinese; it is a very complicated and comprehensive concept, so it can not be translated into one English word. Most texts of the book were written by Confucius’s students from the end of the Spring and Autumn Period to the end of the Warring States period. But there was a very long time throughout its being compiled into one completed book. In this thesis Feng and FengSu refer to convention and folkways created mainly by natural and geographic agents’influence, especially in traditional Chinese. There is another similar concept Su in the paper, it has almost the same meaning with the FengSu, but it has the political color compared with the FengSu. It is used to demonstrate the folk morals, convention and mostly refer to the popular living world in the thesis in ancient China governed by the emperor. The thesis is based on the reading and analysis the text meticulously to get a profound and comprehensive understanding about the Li as a whole in the book. Concretely, analyzing the related concepts of Li and Su from the different ancient classics; probing into the historical relevance and the corresponding folklore appearance about the creating reasons of Li discussed in the Book of Rites; among the historical conditions the power is the most important factor, and the cultural sprit development is another important factor; on the basis and in view of which the thesis tries to study the relationship between Li and Su, to describe their possible boundary and interplaying expression in different period; to explain some cultural presentations and problems’connotations in traditional Chinese society such as the essence culture and popular culture, upper-level culture and grass-roots levels culture and the Li’s cultural meaning for modern Chinese culture. At last, from all the analysis and discussion above, I attempt to find the meaning and connection between the modern Folklore and traditional folklore history, Confucian thoughts before Qin dynasty in this aspect; to find some enlightenment to resolve some problems of our contemporary life.

【关键词 (中文/英文)】 《礼记》; 礼; 风俗; 礼与俗; 民俗; 身体; 德  Book of Rites; Li; FengSu; Li and Su; Convention; Body; Morals

【发表年期】2007年03期 【网络出版投稿人】武宇嫦 【DOI】CNKI:CDMD:1.2007.101686