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A Basic Question of Chinese Mythology:
A Mythicized History or a Historicized Mythology
Abstract
The fundamental hypothesis remains prevailing in Chinese modern mythology that,like the west,China once produced rich and varied myths in the pre-historic ages.In other words,a historicization of myths is believed to have occurred in Chinese history,in which most of the myths up until the Shang and the Zhou Dynasty might have been remolded into historical tales by the historians.So the leading task ofthe world of Chinese mythology should be to"restore"the ancient Chinese histrory to the myths.The above-mentioned hypothesis was established by Mao Dun in his"ABC of Mythological Study",whose theory of mythology took shape under the influence of Lange,a British classical evolutionist,and the then prevailing historical scepticism.In fact,Chinese mythology differs significantly from western mythology in nature:theformer was based on hero worship while the latter on natural gods,although China's mythological study has been forced into the pattern of development of western mythology.Therefore,the hypothesis of a historicization of myths in Chinese history is falsified.In this case,there is every need for Chinese mythology to reestablish its own theoretical system in the 21st century.
Keywords: Chinese mythology/historicization of myths/mythicization of history
(原载《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2000 年3期；如文中涉及图表、注释、参考文献、公式等内容，请参见纸媒原刊。)
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【本文责编：思玮】
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